linux live usb

we can easily create a live usb using UNetbootin. use the following procedure in creating a live usb

open terminal and type

wget http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/unetbootin-linux-latest

to download the bin file of unetbootin

make it executable by typing

chmod u+x unetbootin-linux-313

you have to install p7zip for the proper working of the software

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full

now type:

sudo ./unitbootin-linux-313

to start the application. look at the screen shot

you can select the distro given in the drop down menu if you don't have the iso of the distro. it will be automatically downloaded from the corresponding website.

it will be better to choose the next option if you have the iso file of the distro. pls enter the path to the iso file.

plug the pendrive to the usb port and select ok, after a few minutes, depending on the size of your distro, it will be installed to the pendrive.

reboot and boot from the usb. here it goes.........

light window manager for ubuntu FVWM-crystal

i am having an old laptop in which i want to install a relatively new OS. I tried openSUSE, ubuntu, kubuntu etc.
but the problem is, my laptop is getting heated up like a furnace. so i need a light OS. So i tried xubuntu 8.04. still the problem persists even though the heating is reduced.

so i googled for a light window manager and got FVWM-Crystal.

following are the procedure to be followed in installing it in ubuntu.

open terminal and type

sudo apt-get install fvwm imagemagick rox-filer\
 xscreensaver trayer gksu aterm habak mpd mpc

then download the crystal package

wget http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/3.0.4/fvwm-\
crystal-3.0.4.tar.gz

untar it

tar xvzf fvwm-crystal-3.0.4.tar.gz

install the crystal package

cd fvwm-crystal-3.0.4
sudo make install

copy the addons

sudo cp addons/fvwm-crystal.desktop /usr/share/xsessions/

and logoff and change session to fvwm-crystal


for more helps browse into the fvwm-crystal documentation.

Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03)

In some laptops for example HP Pavilion dv4-1123us with intel 82801l HD audio controller, each and every tone made is repeated 5 to 6 times. This can be handled by using the following steps.


type in terminal........

gksu gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base

Then add the following to the end of the file:

options snd-hda-intel enable_msi=1

and restart the laptop. The problem will be fixed.

grub re-installation after windows installation

it is very simple to re-install the grub after the windows installation. just follow the steps given below.

• boot the system from a live cd
• open terminal
• type sudo grub

            you will get a new prompt showing
                  grub>

• type the following commands in this prompt
• find /boot/grub/stage1

             you will get an output such as
                grub>(hd0,3)

• root (hd0,3)
  

                you have to use the output of the previous command here

•   setup (hd0)

            this will install grub in your boot loader

• now type exit to go out of the grub prompt

• reboot the system, your grub will be restored. if there is any problem pls comment here.

increase screen resolution in ubuntu 8.04

i here by noticed my friend nithin's pc which is working on ubuntu 8.04 hardy has got low resolution. its maximum resolution is just 800 x 600. so i googled how to increse the resolution and now got good resolution of 1200 x 728 at 50Hz.


Following are the steps to be followed
use your password when ever required

1. copy the following text and save it as xorg.conf in ur desktop
   
   # xorg.conf (X.Org X Window System server configuration file)
   #
   # This file was generated by dexconf, the Debian X Configuration tool, using
   # values from the debconf database.
   #
   # Edit this file with caution, and see the xorg.conf manual page.
   # (Type "man xorg.conf" at the shell prompt.)
   #
   # This file is automatically updated on xserver-xorg package upgrades *only*
   # if it has not been modified since the last upgrade of the xserver-xorg
   # package.
   #
   # If you have edited this file but would like it to be automatically updated
   # again, run the following command:
   # sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg
   Section "InputDevice"
   Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
   Driver "kbd"
   Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
   Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
   Option "XkbLayout" "us"
   EndSection
   Section "InputDevice"
   Identifier "Configured Mouse"
   Driver "mouse"
   Option "CorePointer"
   EndSection
   Section "Device"
   Identifier "Configured Video Device"
   EndSection
   Section "Monitor"
   Identifier "Configured Monitor"
   HorizSync 28-40
   VertRefresh 43-60
   modeline "800×600@56" 36.0 800 824 896 1024 600 601 603 625
   modeline "800×600@72" 50.0 800 856 976 1040 600 637 643 666
   modeline "800×600@75" 49.5 800 816 896 1056 600 601 604 625
   modeline "800×600@60" 40.0 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628
   Modeline "1024×768@60" 64.56 1024 1056 1296 1328 768 783 791 807
   Modeline "1152×720@60" 66.75 1152 1184 1432 1464 720 735 742 757
   modeline "1152×768@54" 64.995 1152 1178 1314 1472 768 771 777 806
   Modeline "1280×800@60" 83.91 1280 1312 1624 1656 800 816 824 841
   modeline "1280×854" 80.0 1280 1309 1460 1636 854 857 864 896
   modeline "1280×768@60" 80.14 1280 1344 1480 1680 768 769 772 795
   modeline "1280×720@60" 74.48 1280 1336 1472 1664 720 721 724 746
   modeline "1280×800@75" 107.21 1280 1360 1496 1712 800 801 804 835
   modeline "1280×768@75" 102.98 1280 1360 1496 1712 768 769 772 802
   modeline "1280×720@50" 60.47 1280 1328 1456 1632 720 721 724 741
   modeline "1280×800@60" 83.46 1280 1344 1480 1680 800 801 804 828
   modeline "1440×900@75" 136.49 1440 1536 1688 1936 900 901 904 940
   modeline "1440×900@60" 106.47 1440 1520 1672 1904 900 901 904 932
   modeline "1600×1024@60" 136.36 1600 1704 1872 2144 1024 1025 1028 1060
   modeline "1680×1050@60" 147.14 1680 1784 1968 2256 1050 1051 1054 1087
   modeline "1680×1050@75" 188.07 1680 1800 1984 2288 1050 1051 1054 1096
   modeline "1920×1200@60" 193.16 1920 2048 2256 2592 1200 1201 1204 1242
   EndSection
   Section "Screen"
   Identifier "Default Screen"
   Device "Configured Video Device"
   Monitor "Configured Monitor"
   DefaultDepth 24
   SubSection "Display"
   Depth 24
   Modes "1440×900@60" "1600×1024@60" "1440×900@75" "1680×1050@60" "1280×800@60" "1680×1050@75" "1280×720@50" "1920×1200@60" "1280×768@75" "1280×800@75" "1280×720@60" "1280×768@60" "1280×800@60" "1280×854" "1152×720@60" "1152×768@54" "1024×768@60" "800×600@60" "800×600@75" "800×600@72" "800×600@56"
   EndSubSection
   EndSection
   
   # edited by junise safvan
   # contact on junisesafvan@gmail.com
   
   Section "ServerLayout"
   Identifier "Default Layout"
   Screen "Default Screen"
   EndSection
   
   
2. now take the backup of the original xconf.org by typing the following command in terminal
   
   sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup.1
   
   
3. now move the new file to the required location by typing the following command in terminal
   
   sudo mv /home/'ur username'/Desktop/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf
   
   
4. now press ctrl+alt+backspace for kernal restart
   
   
5. login back and open system => preference => screen resolution
   
   select the resolution you wanted and press apply
   
   
6. if you cant read any thing with this resolution (usually such things doesn't happens), press alt+ctrl+F1 to enter the text mode
   
   
7. type sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup.2
   
   sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup.1 /etc/X11/xorg.conf
   

1. Press Alt+Ctrl+F1.
2. Enter the login detail.
3. Enter sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop
4. Enter sudo Xorg -configure
5. The new xorg.conf file xorg.conf.new will be created in the home folder.
6. Back up the original xorg.conf file
   sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bkup1
7. Copy the new xorg file to /etc/X11/
   sudo cp ~/xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf
8. Start gdm
   sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start

Select the appropriate resolution from system preference.......